What term describes the release of foreign government information from one country to another with prior consent?

The correct answer, which is "Third-Country Transfer," refers specifically to the transfer of information or materials from one country to another nation, provided that there is prior consent from the originating country. This term is frequently used in the context of international relations and defense cooperation, ensuring that sensitive information or technology can be shared with an agreed-upon third party as part of strategic agreements or partnerships.

In the context of defense and intelligence, the practice of third-country transfer is critical because it allows nations to collaborate on issues of mutual interest while also protecting sensitive information. This framework ensures that the original holders of the information maintain control over how and to whom their data is disseminated.

Other terms like "Intelligence Sharing" broadly encompass the collaboration and distribution of intelligence data but do not necessarily imply the same level of formal consent regarding a third party's involvement. "Classified Exchange" might suggest the sharing of secret or classified information but lacks the specificity of a transfer involving third countries. "International Agreement" refers to a broader array of treaties or accords, which may or may not directly concern the transfer of information between specific nations in a controlled manner. Hence, "Third-Country Transfer" appropriately captures the nuance of consent and the involvement of a third party.